Wilbur Cohen to Edmund S. Muskie Regarding S. 306
Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control and Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965
On May 18, 1965, the Senate passed S. 306 by a voice vote without debate. On September 24, the House passed an amended S. 306 by a vote of 294 to 4. On September 29, Acting Secretary of HEW, Wilbur Cohen, wrote Muskie of the administration’s preference for the House-passed bill that provided the Secretary of HEW more flexibility in establishing standards regulating automobile emissions and on the timeline for implementation. Cohen assured Muskie of the administration’s plans “to pursue a vigorous program under the abatement provisions of the Clean Air Act.” On October 1, the Senate concurred in the House amendments to S. 306 by a voice vote and on October 20, President Johnson signed the bill into law.
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Public Works
Wilbur Cohen to Edmund S. Muskie Regarding S. 306, September 29, 1965; “S. 306” folder, Legislative Files, Box 2; Committee on Public Works; 89th Congress; Records of the U.S. Senate, RG 46; National Archives.
Association of Centers for the Study of Congress
*1965-09-29
Center for Legislative Archives, National Archives and Records Administration
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R.C. Brown to Edmund S. Muskie Regard S. 306
Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control and Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965
This letter to Muskie from R. C. Brown, the Director of Research at Caterpillar Tractor Company in Peoria, Illinois, indicated that the air quality control provisions of S. 306 affected an array of economic interests. As the nation’s leading producer of diesel-powered equipment, Caterpillar favored state regulation over national, opposed specific emission standards written into law, and wanted a more lenient timeline for implementation.
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Public Works
R.C. Brown to Edmund S. Muskie Regarding S. 306, April 19, 1965; “S. 306 Miscl. Corresp. Re S. 306” folder, Legislative Files, Box 3; Committee on Public Works; 89th Congress; Records of the U.S. Senate, RG 46; National Archives.
Association of Centers for the Study of Congress
*1965-04-19
Center for Legislative Archives, National Archives and Records Administration
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S. Smith Griswold to Edmund s. Muskie Regarding S. 306
Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control and Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965
On the first day of the subcommittee hearings, the Assistant Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW), James M. Quigley, made comments that seemed to place the administration at odds with Muskie and S. 306. Quigley declared that the proposed controls were premature, that current federal authority was adequate, and that “we do not recommend enactment of regulatory legislation at this time….” This letter from S. Smith Griswold, California Air Pollution Control Officer, expressed his alarm over Quigley’s remarks and urged Muskie to push ahead with strong regulation. Quigley returned to the subcommittee hearings to clarify that he was only objecting to S. 306’s detailed standards and aggressive timeline to implement emission controls.
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Public Works
S. Smith Griswold to Edmund s. Muskie Regarding S. 306, April 16, 1965; “S. 306, Miscl. Corresp. Re air pollution” folder, Legislative Files, Box 3; Committee on Public Works; 89th Congress; Records of the U.S. Senate, RG 46; National Archives.
Association of Centers for the Study of Congress
*1965-04-16
Center for Legislative Archives, National Archives and Records Administration
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Schedule of Activities at Detroit
Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control and Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965
The subcommittee’s 1964 report declared that the technological skills and equipment to reduce air pollution had “passed the research stage” and that there was “no valid reason to delay” adoption of emissions control equipment in newly manufactured automobiles. As this Schedule of Events for April 7, 1965 indicates, the subcommittee traveled to Detroit to hear from automobile manufacturers and to visit Chrysler, General Motors, and Ford research facilities.
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Public Works
Schedule of Activities at Detroit, Michigan S. 306, April 7, 1965, “306 Hearings—Clean Air Act amdts. April 6th & 9th (7th Detroit)” folder, Legislative Files, Box 3; Committee on Public Works; 89th Congress; Records of the U.S. Senate, RG 46; National Archives.
Association of Centers for the Study of Congress
*1965-04-07
Center for Legislative Archives, National Archives and Records Administration
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Briefing Paper, Hearings on S. 306 Amending the Clean Air Act
Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control and Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965
This briefing paper for subcommittee members and staff outlined the major parts of S. 306 that would receive attention during the hearings to be held in Washington D.C. and Detroit, Michigan. The briefing paper outlined the subcommittee work plan and indicated the array of interest groups that appeared before the panel as it gathered information related to the administration of S. 306, its technical requirements, and the health challenges of air pollution.
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Public Works
Briefing Paper, Hearings on S. 306 Amending the Clean Air Act, April 6, 7 and 8, 1965; “S. 306 Hearings—Clean Air Act amdts. April 6th & 9th (7th. Detroit)” folder, Legislative files, Box 3; Committee on Public Works; 89th Congress; Records of the U.S. Senate, RG 46; National Archives.
Association of Centers for the Study of Congress
*1965-04-06
Center for Legislative Archives, National Archives and Records Administration
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A. Koedt to Edmund S. Muskie in Support of Clear-Air Legislation
Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control and Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965
Senator Muskie received support from clean-air advocates who backed tough, national air quality standards. This supporter of S. 306 wrote that “The air we breathe is not private property, and because of this it should be illegal to pollute it.”
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Public Works
A. Koedt to Edmund S. Muskie in Support of Clear-Air Legislation, April 4, 1965; filed with Muskie to Koedt, April 13, 1965; “S. 306 Hearings—Clean Air Act amdts, April 6th & 9th (7th. Detroit)” folder, Legislative Files, Box 3; Committee on Public Works; 89th Congress; Records of the U.S. Senate, RG 46; National Archives.
Association of Centers for the Study of Congress
*1965-04-04
Center for Legislative Archives, National Archives and Records Administration
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Alfred J. Bennett to Whom It May Concern Regarding Air Pollution Health Issues
Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control and Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965
Since World War II, air pollution had greatly increased, causing ill health to people and considerable property damage. The committee received letters such as this one from a Tampa, Florida physician who had treated a “young lady” who had been hospitalized twice for “an acute episode of allergic bronchitis and asthma.” The physician believed that “excessive amounts of industrial contaminate particles in the open air about her home” were responsible.
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Public Works
Alfred J. Bennett to Whom It May Concern Regarding Air Pollution Health Issues, March 5, 1965; “S. 306” folder, Legislative Files, Box 2; Committee on Public Works; 89th Congress; Records of the U.S. Senate, RG 46; National Archives.
Association of Centers for the Study of Congress
*1965-03-05
Center for Legislative Archives, National Archives and Records Administration
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Robert F. Wagner to Edmund S. Muskie Regarding S. 306
Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control and Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965
Shortly after introducing S. 306, Robert F. Wagner, Mayor of New York, wrote Senator Muskie to express his support for S. 306. The mayor noted that New York City’s efforts to improve air quality were frequently undercut by surrounding municipalities that “have no control programs whatsoever.” Wagner commended Muskie’s national approach to combating air pollution since “the condition of the air cannot be confined within any one city or state.”
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Public Works
Robert F. Wagner to Edmund S. Muskie Regarding S. 306, January 18, 1965; filed with Muskie to Wagner, February 1, 1965, “S. 306 Miscl. Corresp. Re air pollution” folder, Legislative Files, Box 3; Committee on Public Works; 89th Congress; Records of the U.S. Senate, RG 46; National Archives.
Association of Centers for the Study of Congress
*1965-01-18
Center for Legislative Archives, National Archives and Records Administration
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S. 306
Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control and Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965
On January 7, 1965, Senator Edmund S. Muskie (D-ME), chair of the Special Air and Water Pollution Subcommittee of the Senate Public Works Committee, introduced S. 306 with 20 cosponsors. The bill was based on findings of a 1964 report of Muskie’s subcommittee, “Steps Toward Cleaner Air.” S. 306 called for the establishment of minimum national standards limiting exhaust emissions of air pollutants from gasoline-powered motor vehicles. S. 306 also authorized grants to municipalities for construction of solid waste disposal facilities.
United States. Congress. Senate. Office of the Secretary
S. 306, January 7, 1965; “S. 294-S. 306” folder, Original Senate Bills, Box 2; Office of the Secretary of the Senate; 89th Congress; Records of the U.S. Senate, RG 46; National Archives.
Association of Centers for the Study of Congress
*1965-01-07
Center for Legislative Archives, National Archives and Records Administration
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News Release Regarding H.R. 2580
Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965
The administration had to make concessions to Representative Feighan to get his support for the Celler bill. The House Judiciary Committee’s August 3, 1965 vote of 27 to 4 to report an amended H.R. 2580 to the House was the major milestone for congressional passage of immigration reform. This news release shows Celler’s elation at being on the verge of successfully weeding out “this unworkable, unnecessary, and fragmented approach to immigration policy.” On August 25, the House passed H.R. 2580 by a vote of 318 to 95 and on Septemer 22, the Senate passed the bill by a voice vote. President Johnson signed the Immigration and Nationality Act into law on October 3, 1965.
United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary
News Release Regarding H.R. 2580, August 3, 1965; “H.R. 2580-Press Release, Newspaper Clippings 1 of 2” folder, Legislative Files, Box 75; 89th Congress; House of Representatives, RG 233; National Archives.
Association of Centers for the Study of Congress
1965-08-03
Center for Legislative Archives, National Archives and Records Administration
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